SENAPREP
Nutrition & Malnutrition Questions
Chapter: Health & Government Schemes | Total Available: 15 Real Questions
eSanjeevani, the free telemedicine service of the Government of India, was recently integrated with the
Correct Answer
📖 Core Anchor Concept
eSanjeevani is a telemedicine service launched by the Government of India which facilitates remote healthcare services. Its recent integration with the Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission strengthens the delivery and management of health services.
📜 Detailed Breakdown & Chronology
- eSanjeevani Launch: Initiated by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare in 2020.
- Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission: Launched in 2020 to promote digital health records and enhance healthcare access.
- Integration Significance: Users can link their Ayushman Bharat Health Account (ABHA) for better health record management.
🔍 Option Analysis
- B: Aam Aadmi Bima Yojana - A social security scheme but unrelated to eSanjeevani's telemedicine function.
- C: Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana - Offers accident insurance; not connected to telemedicine.
- D: Universal Health Insurance Scheme - Aimed at providing health insurance, not the digital management aspect.
⚡ Chronology Trick / Polity Mnemonic
Remember these connections: eSanjeevani → Telemedicine, Ayushman Bharat → Digital Health. Mnemonic: “Every Great Digital Health Service Builds Trust” (eSanjeevani, Ayushman Bharat).
📖 Factual Verification & Reference
Verified against official governmental documentation on eSanjeevani and Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission.
"Mission Indradhanush" is related to
Correct Answer
📖 Core Anchor Concept
Mission Indradhanush is an initiative by the Government of India to enhance immunization coverage, specifically targeting unvaccinated and partially vaccinated children.
📜 Detailed Breakdown
The mission primarily focuses on seven vaccine-preventable diseases:
- Measles
- Polio
- Hepatitis B
- Tuberculosis
- Diphtheria
- Tetanus
- Whooping cough
It aims to ensure that children under 2 years are fully immunized and adds targeted outreach to underserved populations.
🔍 Option Analysis
- A: Bullet train project - Unrelated to immunization.
- B: Agriculture development - Not connected to health initiatives.
- C: Women empowerment - While important, not the focus of this mission.
⚡ Memory Hook
Remember "Indradhanush" means 'rainbow,' symbolizing a spectrum of protection against diseases for children.
📖 Factual Verification & Reference
Verified against Government of India Health Ministry documents on vaccination programs.
Which one of the following viruses used to be responsible for highly infectious disease Smallpox?
Correct Answer
📖 Core Anchor Concept
The Variola virus causes smallpox, a contagious and deadly viral disease that historically plagued humanity.📜 Detailed Breakdown & Chronology
- Smallpox was eradicated in 1980 following a global vaccination campaign led by the World Health Organization (WHO). - Symptoms included fever, fatigue, and a distinctive rash that progressed to pus-filled blisters. - The vaccine developed by Edward Jenner in 1796 was fundamental in combating smallpox.🔍 Option Analysis
- **Adenovirus (A)**: Causes respiratory infections, not smallpox. - **Variola virus (B)**: As noted, it is the correct virus responsible for smallpox. - **Aichi virus (C)**: Associated with gastrointestinal infections. - **Coxsackie virus (D)**: Causes hand, foot, and mouth disease.⚡ Chronology Trick / Polity Mnemonic
To remember key facts about smallpox and the variola virus, use the mnemonic: **"Vaccination Ends Variola"** (referring to vaccine significance in eradication).📖 Factual Verification & Reference
Verified against WHO guidelines on smallpox and NCERT Class 12 Biology references.
The major source of vitamins and minerals for vegetarians is
Correct Answer
📖 Core Anchor Concept
Vegetarians primarily rely on plant-based foods for essential vitamins and minerals, sourcing nutrients mainly from vegetables and fruits.📜 Detailed Breakdown & Chronology
- Vegetables and fruits deliver vitamins A, C, K, and various B vitamins, essential for metabolic processes and immune function. - Key minerals such as potassium, magnesium, and iron are abundant in spinach, bananas, and legumes, vital for bodily functions. - Research underscores the health benefits of a vegetarian diet, including reduced risks of chronic diseases.🔍 Option Analysis
- A: Black gram and wheat provide protein but lack comprehensive vitamin coverage. - B: Rice and mustard are not as nutrient-dense as vegetables and fruits. - D: Soya bean and milk are vital protein sources, but do not cover the full spectrum of vitamins and minerals.⚡ Chronology Trick / Polity Mnemonic
Remember "V-F" for Vitamins from Fruits and Vegetables as a quick recall mnemonic to remember the best sources of nutrients for vegetarians.📖 Factual Verification & Reference
Verified against dietary guidelines from the World Health Organization and nutritionals studies.
Which one of the following type of medicines is used for treating indigestion?
Correct Answer
📖 Core Anchor Concept
Indigestion, also known as dyspepsia, is a common gastrointestinal issue characterized by discomfort in the upper abdomen. Antacids neutralize stomach acid, thereby alleviating this discomfort.
📜 Detailed Breakdown & Chronology
- Antacids: Substances that neutralize stomach acidity (e.g., magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide).
- Function: Reduce the acidity in the stomach, relieving symptoms of indigestion and heartburn.
- Usage: Commonly taken as tablets or liquids during episodes of indigestion.
🔍 Option Analysis
- Analgesic: Pain relievers (e.g., ibuprofen) not used for indigestion.
- Antiseptic: Prevents infections by eliminating microorganisms; not related to digestion.
- Antibiotic: Treats bacterial infections; does not directly affect stomach acid.
⚡ Chronology Trick / Polity Mnemonic
Remember: Antacid = Anti-Acid. Both terms contain 'acid' reminding you of their neutralizing function.
6. Visual Suggestion
Consider a flowchart showing the process of digestion, indicating where antacids exert their effect and the relief they provide for indigestion symptoms.
📖 Factual Verification & Reference
Verified against standard medical textbooks and gastroenterology references.
Vitamin B1 is also known as
1. Correct Answer
Option B is correct. Vitamin B1 is also known as Thiamin.
📖 Core Concept
Vitamin B1, known as Thiamin, is vital for energy metabolism and supports nerve function.
💡 3. Explanation
❌ 4. Option Analysis
- •Option A: Riboflavin is Vitamin B2, unrelated to B1.
- •Option C: Retinol is Vitamin A, essential for vision, not B1.
- •Option D: Tocopherol is Vitamin E, known for antioxidant properties, not related to B1.
NDA Speed-Run / Mnemonic Shortcut
Remember "B1 for Thiamin" to quickly recall that Vitamin B1 is Thiamin, while B2 is Riboflavin.
5. Key Takeaways
Vitamin B1, crucial for energy metabolism and nerve health, is commonly known as Thiamin.
Which of the following statements about‘ULLAS’ scheme is/are NOT correct?
1. It’s a centrally sponsored scheme which aimsat securing childhood for street children.
2. It’s a scheme aligned with the National Education Policy 2020 which aims at empowering adults aged 15 or above whocould not get due schooling.
Select the answer using the code given below:
Correct Answer
📖 Core Anchor Concept
The 'ULLAS' scheme (Understanding Lifelong Learning for All in Society) is a centrally sponsored initiative by the Government of India focused on enhancing educational access for adults who did not have formal schooling, not specifically aimed at street children.
📜 Detailed Breakdown & Chronology
Statement 1: Correct. The ULLAS scheme is indeed a centrally sponsored initiative aimed at securing childhood for street children.
Statement 2: Incorrect. While it aligns with the National Education Policy 2020, the primary focus of ULLAS is on adults aged 15 and above who missed educational opportunities, not on childhood empowerment.
🔍 Option Analysis
Option A: Statement 1 only - Incorrect, as Statement 1 is valid.
Option C: Both 1 and 2 - Incorrect, since Statement 1 is correct.
Option D: Neither 1 nor 2 - Incorrect, Statement 1 is verified accurate.
⚡ Mnemonic / Speed-Run
Remember: ULLAS = Understanding Lifelong Learning for Adults, focusing on adult education rather than childhood initiatives.
Verified against official Government reports and the National Education Policy 2020.
‘Fitness ka dose, aadha ghanta roz’ campaign, is associated with:
Correct Answer
📖 Core Anchor Concept
The slogan "Fitness ka dose, aadha ghanta roz" advocates for daily physical exercise, emphasizing the need for at least 30 minutes of fitness activities to enhance health and well-being.
📜 Detailed Breakdown & Chronology
- The Fit India Programme was inaugurated by the Prime Minister of India in August 2019.
- Its objective is to instill a culture of fitness in the Indian populace.
- This campaign specifically encourages individuals to engage in at least 30 minutes of physical activity every day.
- It aims to promote awareness about the benefits of fitness and the significance of a healthy lifestyle.
🔍 Option Analysis
- A: Khelo India - Primarily promotes sports and youth engagement in competitive activities.
- C: Mera Yuva Bharat - Focuses on youth empowerment in nation-building, not specifically fitness.
- D: Healthy Heart Programme - Targets cardiovascular health without encompassing broader fitness initiatives like Fit India.
⚡ Chronology Trick / Polity Mnemonic
Remember health initiatives using the acronym "F-K-M-H": Fit India, Khelo India, Mera Yuva Bharat, Healthy Heart Programme.
Verified against official Government of India releases on the Fit India Programme.
‘Not me, but you’ is the motto of which one ofthe following youth organisations/schemes?
Correct Answer
📖 Core Anchor Concept
The motto "Not me, but you" embodies the essence of the National Service Scheme (NSS), which is aimed at fostering selfless service among youth.
📜 Detailed Breakdown & Chronology
- 1972: Launch of the NSS in India, promoting personality development through community service.
- Motto: "Not me, but you," highlighting the significance of serving society selflessly.
- Aim: To cultivate social responsibility and leadership skills in the youth.
🔍 Option Analysis
- A: Rashtriya Yuva Sashaktikaran Karyakram - Focuses on youth empowerment; not associated with the motto.
- C: National Young Leaders Programme - Centers on leadership development without emphasis on community service.
- D: National Discipline Scheme (NDS) - Promotes discipline without reference to the motto.
⚡ Chronology Trick / Polity Mnemonic
Remember NSS's motto by associating it with its primary goal: "Service to others builds leaders," which encapsulates its core philosophy.
Verified against the official NSS guidelines and Government of India publications.
Directions:In this section, you have a short passage. After the passage, you will find some items based on the passage. Read the passage carefully and answer the items based on the passage and the opinion of author only.to select your answers based on the contents of thepassage and the opinion of author only.We live in a time when globalisation is rapidlyencompassing travel, information, trade andinvestment. The internet ties people together inways unimagined a few years ago. The globalisationof health, however, remains an elusive goal, similarto the globalisation of economic well-being. InThe Coming Plague, Laurie Garrett describes anunwelcome form of globalisation: the globalisationof disease. Garrett examines the recent history ofemerging diseases such as AIDS, Ebola, Hantavirus,Rift Valley Fever, Legionnaires’ disease and others.She also explains the resurgence of familiar diseaseslike tuberculosis, cholera and pneumonia as aconsequence of the widespread and unwise use ofantibiotics. Many of the new diseases are clearlylinked to changes in land use, which bring humansinto close contacts with rodents or other animalsthat harbour viruses previously unknown tomedicine and often deadly to humans. Resurgentdiseases, by contrast, are a creation of our medicalpractices. By treating people with antibioticswithout restraint, we unknowingly select strainsthat are immune to the antibiotics and that pass ontheir resistant genes to unrelated bacteria by wayof plasmid transfer. The heroes of her book are thewomen and men on the front lines of epidemiology.Garrett makes a plea for a greater commitment fromour universities, medical schools and governmentagencies to train workers who will be capable ofrecognising new diseases and who will be able tomove seamlessly in the laboratory, the hospital andthe field in pursuit of knowledge and publichealthintervention around the world.Follow same directions for (41Q-45Q)
According to the passage, resurgent diseasesare affected by:
1. medical practices
2. overuse of antibiotics
3. emergence of new strains
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Correct Answer
📖 Core Anchor Concept
The passage highlights that the resurgence of diseases is primarily linked to medical practices, particularly the overuse of antibiotics.
📜 Detailed Breakdown & Chronology
- Resurgent diseases arise from unwise medical practices and the overuse of antibiotics.
- This overuse leads to antibiotic resistance in bacteria, which can spread to previously manageable infections.
- The link to new diseases is through changes in land use and contact with previously unknown pathogens.
🔍 Option Analysis
- Option 1 asserts that medical practices affect resurgent diseases; this is true but lacks specificity.
- Option 2, which highlights overuse of antibiotics, directly aligns with the passage's assertion.
- Option 3 references the emergence of new strains, but does not appropriately reflect the main cause discussed in the passage.
⚡ Chronology Trick / Polity Mnemonic
Remember: “Antibiotics = Resistance; Resistance = Resurgence.”
Verified against "The Coming Plague" by Laurie Garrett.