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UPSC NDA, CDS & AFCAT Current Affairs Compendium
Curated from PIB & Ministry of Defence • Printed on 15 Oct, 2026
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SSB GD & LECTURETTE ANGLE:
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Sports Olympics & Asian Games
28 Jun, 2024

Sports Minister lends weight to IOA plea to include Yoga in Asian Games

Sports Minister lends weight to IOA plea to include Yoga in Asian Games PIB

Expected NDA/CDS/AFCAT MCQ:
Regarding the sports milestone in "Sports Minister lends weight to IOA plea to include Yoga in Asian Games", which apex government body oversees training infrastructure and elite sports development in India?
(A) Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI)
(B) National Sports Council of India (NSCI)
(C) Indian Olympic Committee Trust
(D) Sports Authority of India (SAI), under Ministry of Youth Affairs & Sports
Correct Answer: (D) — NDA/CDS/AFCAT Exam Pointer:
NDA/CDS General Awareness: The Sports Authority of India (SAI, established 1984) manages national sports institutes (NIS Patiala, LNCPE) and implements TOPS and Khelo India schemes.
SSB Interview & Lecturette Framework:
Strategic Significance: Sportsmanship & OLQs: Dedication, mental resilience, and fair play in athletics are primary indicators of Officer Like Qualities (OLQs).
Group Discussion (GD) Angle: GD Topic: Transforming Indian sports ecosystem through public-private partnerships.
IO Cross-Question Tip: IO Question: 'What role does physical fitness play in the daily life of an officer in the Armed Forces?'
Defence Defence Exercises
13 May, 2024

INDIA- FRANCE JOINT MILITARY EXERCISE SHAKTI COMMENCES IN MEGHALAYA

INDIA- FRANCE JOINT MILITARY EXERCISE SHAKTI COMMENCES IN MEGHALAYA PIB

Expected NDA/CDS/AFCAT MCQ:
In joint military exercises conducted by the Indian Armed Forces, what is the primary operational objective of bilateral drills?
(A) To decommission active frontline combat hardware
(B) To negotiate bilateral civilian free trade tariffs
(C) To conduct civil passport verification protocols
(D) To validate combat doctrines, test electronic warfare synergy, and enhance tactical interoperability
Correct Answer: (D) — NDA/CDS/AFCAT Exam Pointer:
NDA/CDS Defence Awareness: Joint wargames test tactical counter-terrorism, amphibious landings, air defence integration, and mountain warfare capabilities between allied armed forces.
SSB Interview & Lecturette Framework:
Strategic Significance: Combat Interoperability: Direct operational exposure to diverse foreign military doctrines and modern sensor-shooter networks.
Group Discussion (GD) Angle: GD Topic: The role of joint military exercises in projecting regional deterrence.
IO Cross-Question Tip: IO Question: 'What is the operational difference between bilateral and multilateral military exercises?'
International India–World Relations
25 Feb, 2024

INDIA-JAPAN JOINT EXERCISE ‘DHARMA GUARDIAN’ COMMENCES IN RAJASTHAN

INDIA-JAPAN JOINT EXERCISE ‘DHARMA GUARDIAN’ COMMENCES IN RAJASTHAN PIB

Expected NDA/CDS/AFCAT MCQ:
In joint military exercises conducted by the Indian Armed Forces, what is the primary operational objective of bilateral drills?
(A) To negotiate bilateral civilian free trade tariffs
(B) To validate combat doctrines, test electronic warfare synergy, and enhance tactical interoperability
(C) To conduct civil passport verification protocols
(D) To decommission active frontline combat hardware
Correct Answer: (B) — NDA/CDS/AFCAT Exam Pointer:
NDA/CDS Defence Awareness: Joint wargames test tactical counter-terrorism, amphibious landings, air defence integration, and mountain warfare capabilities between allied armed forces.
SSB Interview & Lecturette Framework:
Strategic Significance: Combat Interoperability: Direct operational exposure to diverse foreign military doctrines and modern sensor-shooter networks.
Group Discussion (GD) Angle: GD Topic: The role of joint military exercises in projecting regional deterrence.
IO Cross-Question Tip: IO Question: 'What is the operational difference between bilateral and multilateral military exercises?'
Sports Olympics & Asian Games
24 Feb, 2024

Raksha Mantri approves financial incentive for Service athletes who bagged medals in 2023 Asian Games & Asian Para Games

Raksha Mantri approves financial incentive for Service athletes who bagged medals in 2023 Asian Games & Asian Para Games PIB

Expected NDA/CDS/AFCAT MCQ:
Regarding the sports milestone in "Raksha Mantri approves financial incentive for Service athletes who bagged medals in 2023 Asian Games & Asian Para Games", which apex government body oversees training infrastructure and elite sports development in India?
(A) Sports Authority of India (SAI), under Ministry of Youth Affairs & Sports
(B) National Sports Council of India (NSCI)
(C) Indian Olympic Committee Trust
(D) Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI)
Correct Answer: (A) — NDA/CDS/AFCAT Exam Pointer:
NDA/CDS General Awareness: The Sports Authority of India (SAI, established 1984) manages national sports institutes (NIS Patiala, LNCPE) and implements TOPS and Khelo India schemes.
SSB Interview & Lecturette Framework:
Strategic Significance: Sportsmanship & OLQs: Dedication, mental resilience, and fair play in athletics are primary indicators of Officer Like Qualities (OLQs).
Group Discussion (GD) Angle: GD Topic: Transforming Indian sports ecosystem through public-private partnerships.
IO Cross-Question Tip: IO Question: 'What role does physical fitness play in the daily life of an officer in the Armed Forces?'
National Government Schemes & Initiatives
21 Feb, 2024

State-wise details of approved Common Incubation Centers under PMFME Scheme till date State District Host institute Grant –in-

State-wise details of approved Common Incubation Centers under PMFME Scheme till date State District Host institute Grant –in

Expected NDA/CDS/AFCAT MCQ:
With reference to the current national development in "State-wise details of approved Common Incubation Center...", which category does this update primarily impact?
(A) Private Commercial Real Estate Valuation
(B) Local Municipal Tax Rate Assessment
(C) Commercial Foreign Exchange Speculation
(D) Strategic Policy, Public Governance & National Institutional Development
Correct Answer: (D) — NDA/CDS/AFCAT Exam Pointer:
NDA/CDS/AFCAT General Awareness: Candidates must track key national initiatives, responsible nodal ministries, institutional frameworks, and policy impacts for the General Knowledge paper.
SSB Interview & Lecturette Framework:
Strategic Significance: Institutional Governance: Effective policy execution and civil-military alignment form the bedrock of national sovereignty.
Group Discussion (GD) Angle: GD Topic: The socio-economic impact of good governance and transparent public administration in India.
IO Cross-Question Tip: IO Question: 'How does strong domestic governance directly reinforce external national security?'
National Polity & Governance
21 Feb, 2024

Cabinet approves amendment in the Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) policy on Space Sector

Official Press Information Bureau (PIB) update under the National sector. Key factual takeaway for UPSC NDA & CDS General Awareness & SSB Interview: Focuses on 'Cabinet approves amendment in the Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) policy on Space Sector', detailing strategic governance milestones, policy implementation, and high-yield national developments.

Expected NDA/CDS/AFCAT MCQ:
With reference to the current national development in "Cabinet approves amendment in the Foreign Direct Invest...", which category does this update primarily impact?
(A) Private Commercial Real Estate Valuation
(B) Local Municipal Tax Rate Assessment
(C) Commercial Foreign Exchange Speculation
(D) Strategic Policy, Public Governance & National Institutional Development
Correct Answer: (D) — NDA/CDS/AFCAT Exam Pointer:
NDA/CDS/AFCAT General Awareness: Candidates must track key national initiatives, responsible nodal ministries, institutional frameworks, and policy impacts for the General Knowledge paper.
SSB Interview & Lecturette Framework:
Strategic Significance: Institutional Governance: Effective policy execution and civil-military alignment form the bedrock of national sovereignty.
Group Discussion (GD) Angle: GD Topic: The socio-economic impact of good governance and transparent public administration in India.
IO Cross-Question Tip: IO Question: 'How does strong domestic governance directly reinforce external national security?'
Economy Economic Policy & Trade
01 Feb, 2024

SUMMARY OF THE INTERIM UNION BUDGET 2024-25

SUMMARY OF THE INTERIM UNION BUDGET 2024-25 PIB

Expected NDA/CDS/AFCAT MCQ:
Under Article 112 of the Constitution of India, the Union Budget is officially termed as which constitutional statement?
(A) National Revenue Declaration
(B) Annual Financial Statement (AFS)
(C) Union Appropriation Bill
(D) Consolidated Fiscal Balance Sheet
Correct Answer: (B) — NDA/CDS/AFCAT Exam Pointer:
Direct NDA/CDS Polity & Economy: Article 112 mandates the President to cause to be laid before both Houses of Parliament an 'Annual Financial Statement' showing estimated receipts and expenditures of the Government of India.
SSB Interview & Lecturette Framework:
Strategic Significance: Fiscal Security: Modern defence capital acquisitions depend on prudent budget allocation and sustainable debt-to-GDP ratios.
Group Discussion (GD) Angle: GD Topic: Key budget priorities: Balancing capital infrastructure spending with fiscal deficit reduction.
IO Cross-Question Tip: IO Question: 'What is the difference between Revenue Expenditure and Capital Expenditure in the Union Budget?'
Defence Military & National Honours
30 Jan, 2024

INDIAN ARMY OPERATION RAKSHAK 1. IC-63796W COLONEL GAURAV SHARMA, THE DOGRA REGIMENT, 62ND BATTALION, THE RASHTRIYA RIFLES 2. IC

Official Press Information Bureau (PIB) update under the Defence sector. Key factual takeaway for UPSC NDA & CDS General Awareness & SSB Interview: Focuses on 'INDIAN ARMY OPERATION RAKSHAK 1. IC-63796W COLONEL GAURAV SHARMA, THE DOGRA REGIMENT, 62ND BATTALION, THE RASHTRIYA RIFLES 2. IC', detailing strategic governance milestones, policy implementation, and high-yield national developments.

Expected NDA/CDS/AFCAT MCQ:
In international sport shooting competitions (ISSF & Asian Games), which apex world body governs Olympic shooting disciplines?
(A) World Athletics Federation
(B) World Archery Federation (WA)
(C) International Biathlon Union (IBU)
(D) International Shooting Sport Federation (ISSF)
Correct Answer: (D) — NDA/CDS/AFCAT Exam Pointer:
NDA/CDS Sports Pointer: The International Shooting Sport Federation (ISSF, headquartered in Munich, Germany) governs rifle, pistol, and shotgun Olympic target shooting.
SSB Interview & Lecturette Framework:
Strategic Significance: Marksmanship: Precision shooting and weapon handling form the foundation of combat infantry doctrine in the Armed Forces.
Group Discussion (GD) Angle: GD Angle: India's emerging dominance in world shooting championships and the role of military marksmanship units (AMU).
IO Cross-Question Tip: IO Question: 'Name India's first individual Olympic Gold medalist in sport shooting.'
Defence Military & National Honours
26 Jan, 2024

Col Col CW-2

Official Press Information Bureau (PIB) update under the Defence sector. Key factual takeaway for UPSC NDA & CDS General Awareness & SSB Interview: Focuses on 'Col Col CW-2', detailing strategic governance milestones, policy implementation, and high-yield national developments.

Expected NDA/CDS/AFCAT MCQ:
With reference to the current national development in "Col Col CW-2", which category does this update primarily impact?
(A) Commercial Foreign Exchange Speculation
(B) Local Municipal Tax Rate Assessment
(C) Strategic Policy, Public Governance & National Institutional Development
(D) Private Commercial Real Estate Valuation
Correct Answer: (C) — NDA/CDS/AFCAT Exam Pointer:
NDA/CDS/AFCAT General Awareness: Candidates must track key national initiatives, responsible nodal ministries, institutional frameworks, and policy impacts for the General Knowledge paper.
SSB Interview & Lecturette Framework:
Strategic Significance: Institutional Governance: Effective policy execution and civil-military alignment form the bedrock of national sovereignty.
Group Discussion (GD) Angle: GD Topic: The socio-economic impact of good governance and transparent public administration in India.
IO Cross-Question Tip: IO Question: 'How does strong domestic governance directly reinforce external national security?'
Awards & Persons Appointments & Resignations
25 Jan, 2024

75th Republic Day: President approves Gallantry awards to 80 Armed Forces personnel, including 12 posthumous

75th Republic Day: President approves Gallantry awards to 80 Armed Forces personnel, including 12 posthumous PIB Archives

Expected NDA/CDS/AFCAT MCQ:
In the Indian Armed Forces, which is the highest peacetime gallantry award conferred for conspicuous bravery outside the battlefield?
(A) Ashoka Chakra
(B) Param Vir Chakra (Highest Wartime Gallantry)
(C) Kirti Chakra
(D) Shaurya Chakra
Correct Answer: (A) — NDA/CDS/AFCAT Exam Pointer:
Direct NDA/CDS Defence Fact: Peacetime gallantry awards hierarchy: 1. Ashoka Chakra, 2. Kirti Chakra, 3. Shaurya Chakra. Wartime gallantry hierarchy: 1. Param Vir Chakra, 2. Maha Vir Chakra, 3. Vir Chakra.
SSB Interview & Lecturette Framework:
Strategic Significance: Sacrifice & Honour: Gallantry medals embody supreme devotion to duty and operational valour across the three services.
Group Discussion (GD) Angle: GD Topic: The ethos of 'Service Before Self' in the Indian Armed Forces.
IO Cross-Question Tip: IO Question: 'Can you name the first recipient of the Param Vir Chakra?'
PIB Archives Original Source
Awards & Persons Reports, Indices & Rankings
25 Jan, 2024

S No RANK & NAME SERVICE KIRTI CHAKRA 1. IC-78103L MAJOR DIGVIJAY SINGH RAWAT, 21ST BATTALION, THE PARACHUTE REGIMENT (SPECI

S No RANK & NAME SERVICE KIRTI CHAKRA 1. IC-78103L MAJOR DIGVIJAY SINGH RAWAT, 21ST BATTALION, THE PARACHUTE REGIMENT (SPECI PIB

Expected NDA/CDS/AFCAT MCQ:
With reference to the current national development in "S No RANK & NAME SERVICE KIRTI CHAKRA 1. IC-78103L MAJO...", which category does this update primarily impact?
(A) Commercial Foreign Exchange Speculation
(B) Local Municipal Tax Rate Assessment
(C) Strategic Policy, Public Governance & National Institutional Development
(D) Private Commercial Real Estate Valuation
Correct Answer: (C) — NDA/CDS/AFCAT Exam Pointer:
NDA/CDS/AFCAT General Awareness: Candidates must track key national initiatives, responsible nodal ministries, institutional frameworks, and policy impacts for the General Knowledge paper.
SSB Interview & Lecturette Framework:
Strategic Significance: Institutional Governance: Effective policy execution and civil-military alignment form the bedrock of national sovereignty.
Group Discussion (GD) Angle: GD Topic: The socio-economic impact of good governance and transparent public administration in India.
IO Cross-Question Tip: IO Question: 'How does strong domestic governance directly reinforce external national security?'
Awards & Persons Important Days & Events
25 Jan, 2024

LIST OF PERSONNEL BEING CONFERRED GALLANTRY AND DISTINGUISHED SERVICE AWARDS ON THE OCCASION OF REPUBLIC DAY-2024 PARAM VISHISHT

LIST OF PERSONNEL BEING CONFERRED GALLANTRY AND DISTINGUISHED SERVICE AWARDS ON THE OCCASION OF REPUBLIC DAY-2024 PARAM VISHISHT PIB

Expected NDA/CDS/AFCAT MCQ:
In the Indian Armed Forces, which is the highest peacetime gallantry award conferred for conspicuous bravery outside the battlefield?
(A) Ashoka Chakra
(B) Param Vir Chakra (Highest Wartime Gallantry)
(C) Kirti Chakra
(D) Shaurya Chakra
Correct Answer: (A) — NDA/CDS/AFCAT Exam Pointer:
Direct NDA/CDS Defence Fact: Peacetime gallantry awards hierarchy: 1. Ashoka Chakra, 2. Kirti Chakra, 3. Shaurya Chakra. Wartime gallantry hierarchy: 1. Param Vir Chakra, 2. Maha Vir Chakra, 3. Vir Chakra.
SSB Interview & Lecturette Framework:
Strategic Significance: Sacrifice & Honour: Gallantry medals embody supreme devotion to duty and operational valour across the three services.
Group Discussion (GD) Angle: GD Topic: The ethos of 'Service Before Self' in the Indian Armed Forces.
IO Cross-Question Tip: IO Question: 'Can you name the first recipient of the Param Vir Chakra?'
UPSC NDA & CDS High-Yield Matrix

Major Joint Military Exercises of India

Exercise Name Participating Country / Group Defence Branch Type & Nature UPSC Exam Key Focus
MALABAR India, USA, Japan, Australia (QUAD) Navy Multilateral Naval High-intensity maritime interoperability, anti-submarine warfare (ASW) in Indo-Pacific.
YUDH ABHYAS India & United States Army Bilateral Wargame High-altitude counter-insurgency and cold-weather mountain warfare.
VAJRA PRAHAR India & United States Army (Special Forces) Bilateral Special Forces Urban counter-terrorism, hostage rescue, and airborne tactical raids.
SURYA KIRAN India & Nepal Army Bilateral Mountain Jungle warfare, counter-terrorism operations, and disaster relief drills.
GARUDA India & France Air Force Bilateral Air Combat Air defence simulation, aerial dogfights, Rafale & Sukhoi-30MKI interoperability.
VARUNA India & France Navy Bilateral Maritime Carrier strike group operations, cross-deck landings, tactical surface drills.
SHAKTI India & France Army Bilateral Army Semi-urban and mountainous counter-terror drills under UN Chapter VII mandate.
JIMEX India & Japan Navy Bilateral Maritime Complex maritime warfare, replenishment at sea, and Indo-Pacific security.
DHARMA GUARDIAN India & Japan Army Bilateral Army Tactical drills in built-up areas and anti-terrorist tactical interoperability.
SAMPRITI India & Bangladesh Army Bilateral Border Counter-insurgency and riverine terrain operational doctrine.
BONGOSAGAR India & Bangladesh Navy Bilateral Maritime Bay of Bengal joint maritime patrol (CORPAT) and anti-piracy operations.
MITRA SHAKTI India & Sri Lanka Army Bilateral Army Sub-conventional operations in semi-urban terrain under UN mandate.
SLINEX India & Sri Lanka Navy Bilateral Maritime Surface weapon firing, helicopter operations, and search & rescue (SAR).
NOMADIC ELEPHANT India & Mongolia Army Bilateral Army Mountain warfare, high-altitude survival, and counter-terror tactics.
DUSTLIK India & Uzbekistan Army Bilateral Central Asia Special operation tactics, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) reconnaissance.
KAZIND India & Kazakhstan Army (Joint) Bilateral Army/Air Counter-insurgency and counter-terrorist operations in sub-mountainous region.
TARANG SHAKTI India + 10+ Allied Air Forces Air Force Mega Multilateral Air India's largest multilateral air combat exercise demonstrating IAF global deterrence.
MILAN India + 50+ Global Navies Navy Flagship Multilateral Indian Navy's biennial congregation in Visakhapatnam for global maritime security.

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